hutchinson



2 Sheets-Sheet 1,

l (No Model.)

A. H. HUICHINSON.-

PUMP.

Hlllll (No Model.) A H' *HUTCHNSONk 2 Sheets-Sheet 12.

I PUMP.

No. 312,997. Patented Feb. 24, 1885.

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ARTHUR H. HUTCHINSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIG-NOR TO THE I.P. MORRIS COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,997, dated February24:, 1885.

Application filed January 15, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR H. HUroI-IIN- SON, of Philadelphia, county ofPhiladelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Pumps Vfor Ice-Machines, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention has relation to that class of pumps employed for forcingorcompressing air and gases, and which are especially intended for use inconnection with what are known as compression ice-machines.

The object of my invention is to provide a pump simple, cheap, anddurable in all its parts, and automatic in all its operations respectingthe inflow and outiiow of oil or liquid and air or gas, wherein theparts are 2O readily accessible for inspection and repairs,

wherein ample provision is made for the escape of the gas underpressure, and the same eft'ectually sealed against returning to thepiston-chamber, and wherein the gas or air iscompletely expelled'fromabove the piston at each upstroke, and the piston permitted to returnunder a minimum of back-pressure, thus increasing1 the effective workingcapacity Yof the pump and reducing the power required to operate it.

To accomplish all of this, my improvements involve certain novel anduseful peculiarities of construction, relative arrangements orcombinations of parts, and principles of operation, all of which will beherein first'i'ully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying` drawings, forming part of this specification,Figure l is a front elevation and partial section of a pump constructed4o and arranged for operation in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 isa vertical axial section of the cylinder and its adj uncts, omitting thepiston, the view being taken upon a plane at right angles to that ofFig. l. Fig. 3 represents a plan and section of the bridge employed inconnection with .the auxiliary orejection valve, the same being detachedfrom the other parts. Fig. 4 is a plan view (enlarged beyond the otherfigures) omitting the 5o dome, and showing the top ofthedisplacementvalve and the means of guiding it to its seat in the head ofthe cylinder.

In all these figures like lettersof reference, wherever they occur,indicate corresponding parts.

It has not been deemed necessary to represent the frame which supportsthe pump, nor any mechanical means for driving the pumppiston, nor yetany tanks or piping leading from or to the pump, inasmuch as these ap-63 pliances are well understood, and may be of any approved pattern.

A represents the pump-cylinder; B, the piston; O, the piston-rod; D, theinlet for gas or air; E, the outlet for the same, and F the in- 65 letfor oil or other liquid.

Upon the top of the cylinder A is secured, by bolts or otherwise, a domeor other shaped top, G, forming a chamber, into which the fluids andliquids are forced or compressed 7o upon the upstroke ofthe piston. Thelower mouth of this chamber is closed by a neatlyseated valve, H, thelower faceof which valve -is the same diameter as the piston, and whichvalve is normally seated and prevented from being disarranged by anynumber of light springs, as acusuitably disposed about the cen- 4 tralaxis. This valve I call the displacementvalve.77 In the center of thisvalve is another valve, I, which I call the ejection-valve, 8o the samebeing controlled by a suitable spring,

as b. Upon the upstroke of the piston the central valve opens iirst, itsspring b having less power or tension in proportion to its under surfacethan the combined power of the springs d in proportion to the undersurface of valve H. As soon as the piston strikes the displacement-valvethe ejectionvalve closes, and all the uid and liquid remaining above thepiston (and which has not 9o passed the ejection-valve) will be forcedout through the opening controlled by the displacementvalve, thusentirely clearing the piston-chamber above the piston and leaving nofluid to expand therein when the piston starts upon its downstroke.

To permit the ready displacement of the last remnants ot' fluid andliquid as above eX- plained, the displacement-valve is preferably s0located as to leave a narrow and practically roo unobstructed channelaround the valve-seat, as plainly shown. Within this channel are rigidbearings or guides, placed at intervals about the circumference of thevalve, (shown at a a', Fig. 4) by which the valve is properly guided inits up and down movements, the guides being so arranged as to permit theready passage of iiuid and liquid through the parts between them.

The channel above alluded to constitutes both the outlet for gas and airand the outlet for the oil.

,f K is the oil-valve or check-valvegoverning the liow of oil orlubricating-liquid. It is provided with a light spring, c, of tensionsufcient to hold it up when the pressure upon both sides is equal. lVhenthe piston moves upwardly, the pressure upon the under side of valve Kforces it firmly to its seat, and prevents further inlet of oil orliquid. The. oil or liquid already admitted is forced out at top of thepiston-chamber, and connections are made so as to return it to theoil-valve port, it being readily separable from the gas or air whichmoves out with it. Upon the downstroke of the piston oil or liquid isinjected through the oil-valve port, the pressure upon the exteriorbeing then greater than upon the interior side. This liquid effectuallyseals the piston and the valves therein against passage Aof fluids uponthe upstroke, and when it is forced through the valves at the top italso effeetually seals them against any backflow of fluids. 'Ihe liquidalso lubricates the parts. Within the piston ,and opening upwardly, areany number of valves d. Upon the downstroke of the piston the gas or airopens these valves slightly,and passes through to the space above thepiston.

At L is a check-valve intended to prevent escape of gas or air from thespace beneath the piston, but readily opening to admit the gas or airas' soon as t-he piston commences to against a pressure of twenty toforty pounds,

vas occurs in suchl pumps as employ the solid piston. The oil-'valve isaccessible from theexterior by simply withdrawing the screwplug e, andthe tension of the spring may be adjusted or the valve securely closed,if desired, by simply turning this screw, and all this while the pump isworking, thereby avoiding the necessity of stopping the same.

At fis a jam-nut by which the screw-plug e may be held in place. TheValve at the inlet-port is also accessible from the exterior by simplyremoving the plug g. The ejectionvalve is guided by a bridge, 72., ofsuitable form,secur ed upon the top ofthe displacementvalve.

At M is an oil-box made to surround the piston and entering thestuffing-box to compress the packing therein. This box serves the doublepurpose of a follower for the stuffing-box and as a receptacle for oil,by which rthe escape of fluid is more effectually prevented and thepiston-rod kept thoroughly lubricated. It has a screw-cap, m, by whichit may be packed in any desired manner, and is otherwise preferably madein one piece to facilitate handling or adjustment and to reduce itscost.

The oil or liquid admitted to the pump-eyl- I inder may be cooled in anysuitable manner.

The improved pump,l though primarily designed to effect the compressionof air or gases,

may obviously be used with marked advantage Y in situations wherein thechief object is to eX- haust air or gases, as will be readilyunderstood.

Being constructed and arranged for operation substantially as abovedescribed, the device has been found in practice to admirably answer thepurposes or objects of the invention, as previously set forth.

' Having now fully described my invention,

what I' claim as new, and desire to secure by e Letters Patent, is-

1. In a pump of the character herein set forth, the cylinder, thepiston,displacementvalve, ejection-valve, oil-inlet, and oil-inlet valve,combined and arranged substantially as shown, and for the purposes setforth.

2. The combination, with the pump-cylinder, of the oilinlet to saidcylinder, the valve located therein, the spring operating in conjunctionwith the valve, and the pump-piston,

combined and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

3. In a pump of the character herein set forth, having an inlet for airor gas and inlet for oil, and a common outlet for both oil and air orgas, the combination, with the valve governing the oil-inlet andoperating as eX- plained, of the removable screw-plug and adj ustable orregulating spring,substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand inthe presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR rr. HUrcHINsoN.

Vitnesses:

JOHN BUCKLER, WoRrr-r OsGooD.

IOO

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